Understanding Brain Diseases in Pets
Brain diseases affect how your pet’s brain functions — sometimes subtly, sometimes suddenly. These conditions can include things like seizures, brain inflammation (MUE), tumors, birth defects, or infections. Our goal is to help you make sense of what’s happening and guide your pet toward the best possible quality of life.
Common Signs Something Isn’t Right
Brain conditions in pets can show up in all kinds of ways — some obvious, some more subtle. If your pet is acting differently and you can’t quite put your finger on it, this list can help you recognize when something might be going on.
Some of the more common neurologic symptoms we see include:
Changes in personality
Getting stuck in corners
Loss of previously learned behaviors or training
Trouble staying awake or sleeping
Difficulty walking or keeping balance
Dizziness or vertigo
Walking in circles
Sudden blindness
Difficulty eating and drinking
Trouble Swallowing
If you’re noticing any of these signs, reach out to your primary vet or give us a call.
When to Seek Emergency Care
Some signs mean your pet needs to be seen right away. If you notice any of the following, contact your primary vet or an emergency hospital immediately:
A new seizure that lasts more than 3–5 minutes
Cluster seizures (multiple seizures in one day)
Loss of consciousness
Sudden, severe imbalance or inability to walk
Collapse or fainting
Sudden blindness
Repeated vomiting with neurologic signs
Trouble breathing, especially if paired with any of the above
If you're unsure whether something is urgent, it's always better to err on the side of caution. Call us or your regular vet we can help you decide what to do next.
What the Diagnosis Might Mean
Strokes
Some pets recover well with time and supportive care.Infections & Inflammatory Diseases
Many respond well to targeted medications — and some can be cured completely.Hydrocephalus or Brain Tumors
While not usually curable, treatments can reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.Untreatable Conditions
Sadly, some brain conditions are progressive or fatal. Our goal is to support comfort and clarity during that time.
Diagnosing Brain Disease in Pets
When a pet shows signs of a brain condition, getting a clear diagnosis is the most important step we can take. That’s because many conditions have overlapping symptoms, but the treatments, outcomes, and long-term needs can vary significantly.
How We Diagnose
Neurologic Exam
Observes your pet’s posture, reflexes, coordination, and behavior to help localize the problem.Advanced Imaging (MRI)
Provides a detailed look at your pet’s brain structure, often revealing the underlying issue.Spinal Tap (CSF Analysis)
In certain cases, we collect cerebrospinal fluid to test for infection, inflammation, or abnormal cells.Once we’ve identified the cause, we can better understand what to expect.
Understanding What a Diagnosis Can Mean
Every diagnosis comes with its own outlook. Some conditions are manageable, while others may require long-term care or carry a more serious prognosis.
Strokes
Some pets recover well with time and supportive care.Infections & Inflammatory Diseases
Many respond well to targeted medications — and some can be cured completely.Hydrocephalus or Brain Tumors
While not usually curable, treatments can reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.Untreatable Conditions
Sadly, some brain conditions are progressive or fatal. Our goal is to support comfort and clarity during that time.
Common Brain Diseases in Pets
Neurologic conditions can sound intimidating, but understanding the most common ones helps make the path forward clearer. Below are some of the brain diseases we diagnose and treat most often. Each one has its own page if you'd like to learn more.
Vascular Events (Strokes)
Sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain. May improve over time, especially with supportive care.
Inflammatory Brain Disease
An umbrella term for conditions like meningitis and meningoencephalitis. May require long-term immunosuppressive treatment.
Chiari-like Malformation (Caudal Occipital Malformation Syndrome)
A skull malformation that puts pressure on the brain and spinal cord. Can cause pain, weakness, or balance issues.
Brain Tumors
Tumors can be benign or malignant, and symptoms vary based on location and size.
Hydrocephalus
Excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, more common in small-breed dogs and some cats. May be congenital or acquired.
Brain Infections
Often caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungal organisms. Some are treatable with targeted medications.
Coming Soon
Canine Cognitive Dysfunction
Similar to Alzheimer’s in humans. Affects aging dogs and shows up as confusion, disorientation, and behavior changes.
**Not every brain condition falls neatly into one of these categories. If you're unsure what your pet might be facing, we're here to help figure it out — step by step.
Treatment Options for Brain Conditions
Once we’ve diagnosed the cause of your pet’s symptoms, we’ll work with you to choose a treatment plan that fits their condition, lifestyle, and your goals. Some conditions are fully treatable — others can be managed to improve comfort and quality of life.
Medications
From anti-inflammatory drugs to long-term seizure medications or antibiotics, many pets respond well to prescription medications.
Supportive Care
When a cure isn’t possible, we focus on keeping your pet comfortable. This might include pain relief, anti-nausea meds, physical therapy, or changes to your home setup.
tbd
Steroids or Immunosuppressants
In cases of inflammatory brain disease, we may use steroids or other immunosuppressants to reduce swelling and calm the immune system.
Ongoing Monitoring
Even when your pet seems stable, follow-up visits and occasional imaging may be needed to adjust treatment and track changes over time.
tbd
Surgery
Some pets with brain tumors, fluid buildup, or skull abnormalities may be candidates for surgery, especially when other treatments aren’t enough.
tbd
We’re here for the long haul. Whether you’re navigating recovery or managing a chronic condition, our team will guide you every step of the way.
What to expect long term
Brain diseases affect how your pet’s brain functions — sometimes subtly, sometimes suddenly. These conditions can include things like seizures, brain inflammation (MUE), tumors, birth defects, or infections. Our goal is to help you make sense of what’s happening and guide your pet toward the best possible quality of life.
Some Pets Recover Fully
Conditions like mild strokes or certain infections may resolve completely with treatment, leaving your pet happy and neurologically normal.
Some Need Ongoing Management
Diseases like epilepsy or inflammatory brain conditions may require lifelong medication, checkups, and occasional re-evaluation. Most pets adjust well and enjoy a good quality of life.
Some Conditions Are Progressive
If your pet has a degenerative disease or an untreatable tumor, we’ll focus on supportive care, keeping them comfortable, minimizing symptoms, and making sure you always know your options.
Importance of Monitoring in Pet Care
Regardless of whether you opt for diagnostics or treatment, regular veterinary checkups are crucial to monitor your pet's condition. These appointments allow your veterinarian to assess your pet for any new symptoms and discuss potential adjustments to their medication regimen. Additionally, your veterinarian may recommend blood work and urinalysis to check for any side effects from medications. Keeping your veterinarian updated on your pet’s progress is essential for maintaining their health and well-being.
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Common Medications
Not all pets will be on these medication, but this is a list of frequently used medications. The medical team will discuss what’s appropriate for your pet.
Contact Us:
Mon \ Fri: 8:30am - 5:30pm
Sat: by appointment only
Phone: (415)967-3303
Email: frontdesk@remedyvets.com
